Analysis of Water Quality | Experiment

Analysis of Water Quality ExperimentTeri reedWater in CrisisAbstractWater filtration method actings were examined by use vinegar, anele and laundry spewing. These products were use to determine how well the purification bear upon of pissing works. The excuse, smell and consistency changed during try outing which allowed the trans strivingation to be visual. Different types of piddle was evidenceed utilize chemical strips that evaluated the contamination between them. The data suggested that bottled weewee was n angiotensin converting enzyme the less better for drinking than knap irrigate. Fresh body of urine is essential for all lifetime things and kingdom weewee must be tempered before released into the urine supply (Bottcher Rex, 2012).IntroductionIn this lab, the engage of wet persona was performed which is imperative to our environment as it safeguards and nourishs all living things. Certain criteria can support and identify problems that may perfor m ill-timed treatment of waste piddle from agricultural aras contaminated with sediment, fertilizers, and chemicals. Principles and standards ar put into act to attain and protect piss musical note (EPA, 2012). Poor body of urine supply quality can negatively affect ecological developments such as sizeable rivers, plant life, wetlands, and animals. If the quality of our pissing constitutions is not of importtained it ordain negatively impact the environment and influence commercial and recreational values (NSW, 2012). The main objective of these labs was to determine the effects of contaminated irrigate and the impact it has on the quality of living things. By examining the effectiveness of the filtration process, it signified the importance of the quality of drinking pee. In these experiments on that point were different types of water utilise, bug water and dickens different brands of bottled water. These lab too required the use of ravel strips that measured the variety of levels of chemical components within our drinking water (Bottcher Rex, 2012).In the first-year experiment, in that location were three hypotheses on how vinegar, anele and laundry purifying contaminated groundwater. The hypotheses for vinegar was if it was mixed with soil it would contaminate the ground water with the acidity, which can lead to dissolving lead or copper in plumbing. The hypotheses for oil was that it would contaminate the ground water and kill plants and wildlife. It is too inflammable which would lead to fires. The hypotheses for laundry detergent was it would contaminate the ground water with sweetness and dyes, which can get into the drinking water, and this would cause people to get real sick. In the second experiment, the hypothesis of filtration techniques would get rid of all contaminants from the water supply. In the third experiment, the hypotheses was that tap water would have the most contaminants, speckle both bottled water(s) w ould have the least marrow of contaminants.Materials and MethodsThis first experiment was conducted to test the effects of groundwater contamination. This test was conducted with eight beakers filled with tap water. In beaker one it had10 ml of tap water, in beaker two 10ml of oil was added to tap water, in beaker three 10ml of vinegar was added to tap water, in beaker cardinal 10ml of laundry detergent was added to tap water and then the smell, color and contents of the water was observed. undermentioned a piece of cheesecloth was used to line the funnel and 60ml of soil was poured into the flue. The first beaker with tap water was poured into the soil allowing it to drain for one minute. and so beaker two vinegar water was poured over advanced soil, allowing it to drain for one minute. The bordering step was to pour the oil water from beaker three over new soil with a cheesecloth filter, allowing it to drain for one minute. Beaker four with laundry detergent was then drain ed in the same manner. Once all the contents were drained into the beakers, the results were examined.The next study was the water treatment experiment, and a 250 ml beaker was filled with degree centigrade ml of soil and 200 ml of tap water. Then the mixture was poured back and forth between the two beakers allowing the contaminated water to mix thoroughly. To determine the difference in the water contents from the beginning of the process to the end, 10 ml of the mixture was separated into 100 ml beaker and set aside. In the next step 10 grams of graduate was added to the mixture in the original beaker, and then stirred for 2 minutes. Then the contents settled for 15 minutes. In order to create the filtration remains a cheesecloth lining sat in the base of the funnel, and then 40ml of spinal column, 20ml of trigger off charcoal and 60ml of gravel filled the flue to the top. Next the filtration process began by running clean tap water done the content four times and allowing it to drain. Next the contaminated mixture was poured into the filter, allowing it to drain into the clean beaker. aft(prenominal) the water made its way through the filtration process, it was ready to be treated with a few drops of bleach. When the lab was complete, the two beakers were compared to see how much the filtration process cleaned the water free from particles and smells.In the final study drinking water quality, tap water, Dasani bottled water, and Fiji bottled water were all tested with chemical strips for contaminants. The test strips were used to check for Ammonia, Chloride, pH balance, total Alkalinity, total Chlorine, total hardness, Phosphate, and Iron. Three beakers were used and each filled with the water contents and then tested with the chemical strips. After all the strips were used and the results were recorded, the lab was complete.ResultsExperiment 1 cause of Groundwater Contamination double 1.Experiment 2 Water Treatment strain 2.Experiment 3 Drinking Water QualityFigure 3.Figure 4.Figure 5.Figure 6.Figure 7.Overall experiment 1 (Fig. 1) shows the results of vinegar, oil and laundry detergent with olfactory propertys, dirty water, soil particles, and green / yellow water from the contaminants. When looking at Figure 1 the results of 1-8 are listed and it shows a noteworthy difference between each observation. The results from experiment 2 (Fig.2) shows the filtration process is well-nigh free of particles and odors. In experiment 3, (Fig. 3-7) the Ammonia and Chloride test results were 0 mg/L for all three water types. The 4 in 1 test strips showed a wide range of political relation issues, this may be caused by outside contamination. Phosphate test results shows a range of 0ppm, 10ppm, and 50ppm in accede 5, and in table 6 the results from the tap water and Fiji Bottled Water was .15ppm and Dasani water was 0ppm.DiscussionBased on the test results on the effects of contaminated ground water, the hypothesis was rejected beca use the oil stayed in the soil. The oil water was filtered through the soil apply the funnel and cheesecloth. Once the water was filtered there was no visible oil particles. The hypothesis for vinegar was accepted ground on the results from Table 1 where the vinegar seeped through the soil into the water. This test result showed that after the vinegar water was filtered through the soil using a cheesecloth, there was a certain smell of vinegar in the water. Finally, the hypothesis was accepted in experiment three, the laundry detergent seeped through the soil into the water and there was definitely a perfume odor with a soapy appearance. After the water was filtered through the soil using the funnel and cheesecloth, the water was soapy and had a noticeable smell of perfume.In the next experiment water treatment, the hypothesis was rejected because the water appeared to be less polluted with a lesser amount of odor. The water was filtered using a five step filtration process. The f ilter system was made with sand charcoal, and rocks. Tap water was filtered through the filtration system to clean the charcoal. The contaminated water was filtered. Lastly, there was a comparison of the contaminated water and treated water. The filtration method trapped soil and contaminated particles which allowed the odor to significantly decrease. When the bleach was added to the filtered water, the color of the contaminated water was darker than the filtered water and the odor in the soil was much robust than the contaminated water.In the final experiment drinking water quality, the hypothesis for tap water, Dasani water, and Fiji water was rejected. Based on the results from Tables 2-6, the three water samples were tested using chemical strips to determine if there was any Ammonia, Chloride, pH balance, total Alkalinity, total Chlorine, total hardness, Phosphate, and Iron present in the water examples. Tap water showed the least amounts of contaminates, Dasani water was mid r ange, and Fiji water had the highest number of existing contaminants.During the water quality experiment, it was classical to study how the distri neverthelession of tap water traveled through the pipes. Although the tap water was run through a filtration system, it could be tote up contaminated during the traveling process. Oxidization of pipes can cause pathogens to be present in water. Using high speed jets for cleansing can remove these types of contaminants from passing through the filtered water (Doelman, 2014). There are many other questions that can be asked about filters or a water filtration systems. There is Reverse Osmosis which seems like a multifaceted system when really it is a simple water filtration process. Reverse Osmosis is when water compactness forces molecules through a membrane which leaves contaminates behind and purified water is collected from a clean membrane. Any contaminated water is then flushed into a drain. Reverse Osmosis will remove salts and mo st inanimate materials. Reverse Osmosis will typically remove microscopic parasites, with the exception of viruses. Although, invalidate osmosis can be slower than a water filtration system, Reverse Osmosis will typically purify more water per day than most distillers (Kent Farahbakhsh, 2011).ConclusionsIn summary of water quality and contamination, it is critical to make consumers aware of the quality of tap water and bottled water and its contaminants. Three experiments were performed in this lab report, and although many of the hypotheses were accepted, it does show the amount of rejected claims. Doing these experiments allows the consumer to visualize how the filtration process works, and the effects of contamination on soil and groundwater. Further research should be done to prove accuracy and theories.ReferencesBottcher, A., Rex, A. (2012). environmental science student manual. Sheridan eScience Labs.Doelman, J. D. (2014). Reducing fouling corrosion in pipelines. Pollution Engineering, 33-35.EPA. (2012, meet 6). Why are water quality standards important. U.S. purlieualProtection Agency. Retrieved fromhttp//water.epa.gov/scetech/swguidance/standards/imp.cfmKent, F. C., Farahbakhsh, K. (2011). Addressing reverse osmosis fouling within waterreclamation-A side-by-side comparison of low-pressure membrane pretreatments.Water Environment Research, 515-526.NSW. (2012, September 11). Water Quality. Retrieved from NSW GovernmentRetrieved fromhttp// www.environment.nsw.gov.au/water/waterqual.htmDavid Hume ism AnalysisDavid Hume Philosophy AnalysisDavid Home was born in Edinburgh, Scotland in spring 1711. Hume primarily studied law moreover then changed his mind and decided to contract only on philosophy and learning. He also had no interest group in professors, saying there is nothing to be learnt from a Professor, which is not to be met with in Books. He traveled to France at age 23, and it was there that he wrote A Treatise of Human Nature, which is considered to be one of the most important books in Western philosophy. At the time of its publishing, though, it came under criticism for macrocosm unintelligible. It was then that he started physical composition The History of Great Britain. Shortly after, he wrote An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding, which was more successful than the Treatise. He was convicted of heresy notwithstanding because he was thought to be an unbelieving, he was considered to be outside the Churchs jurisdiction, so he got acquitted. Arguably, this is better than being hung.When Hume was a young boy attend the University of Edinburgh he devoured books written by Voet, Vinnius, Cicero and Virgil. David Hume was heavily influenced by both outhouse Locke and George Berkeley. He was also influenced by French-speaking Pierre Bayle and many expectant figures on the English intellectual landscape such as Issac Newton, Samuel Clark, Francis Hutcheson, who served as his teacher, and Joseph Butler who provided him feedback on his first work. Hume belongs to the philosophical school of British sensualism. Hume writes his Empiricism with a combination of both positive and negative aims. These aims are strongly cornered on the depression that simple ideas are combined to form complex ideas. The counter philosophical school during this time period were the Continental Rationalists. The British Empiricists put great value in experience whereas the Continental Rationalists worked to break down the views held during the Medieval Ages.Hume spent much of his time writing about religion, but it is difficult to discern his own religious views from the ones he writes about. He was living in a time where being an atheist could bring about harsh consequences in society. Hume never came out and stated himself an atheist and his writings showed nothing but ambiguity on the subject. In many of his writings he attacks many of the basic assumptions of religion and Christian beliefs, yet in other works he claims that, the whole spew of nature bespeaks an intelligent author. It has been said by scholars that perhaps Hume was irreligious as opposed to atheist. Hume did not believe in the graven image of standard theism but he did not rule out all concepts of deity.The first one-half of the eighteenth century in Scotland was fraught with civil discontent, which was expressed in the form of the 1715 and 1745 Jacobite uprisings. When Charles Stuart, the Young Pretender, was chased out of Scotland after trying to suppress Britain, the Scottish were placed under an even tighter British rein and denied by proscription their traditional garb in 1747.In regards to John Locke, Humes philosophy does not explicitly have God as its foundation. This is evident in the chapter Of Refinement in the Arts, in which Hume argues for the value, both to society and the individual, of proper involvement of luxury and refinement. His theory is not clearly tied to any belief in a deity, but neithe r does it reject deity. He kinda argues from the perspective of whether or not innocent luxury is beneficial, not victorious God into account.This difference between Locke and Hume relates to their views on reason and empirical observation. two philosophers were empiricists, arguing that we arrive at knowledge through sensation. Yet Locke also believes in a law of reason and that certain things can be understood through the exercise of reason. Hume, however, is generally considered anti-rational. He argues that reason consists obviously in the prescription of actions based on our passions which are in tear derived from our morals. Thus, reason can prescribe how we should act, what means we should employ, but it cannot prescribe the ends we chase through those actions. This is fundamentally different from Locke, whose theory of society and government is grounded in the objective laws of nature and God.Again, this fundamental difference is reflected in Of Refinement in the Arts. Whereas Locke argues for a law of reason that prescribes the correct actions of a society and government, Hume argues that the better(p) laws cannot be arrived at except through reason that has been refined by exercise. In other words, knowledge of the art of government does not come from an objective, external law of nature or reason, or from God, but from natural human experience. Thus, for Locke, the best government is derived from the law of reason and has as its endeavor the shelter of everyones natural right to life, liberty, and property. Liberty, to Locke, is a natural right that government exists to protect. For Hume, a government that protects liberty is established from a society that is by rights cultivated and refined, so that the people have acquired wealth and therefore has the berth and the incentive to protect themselves from tyranny through good laws. Liberty and laws that protect it, to Hume, are secured by motivated people, not established by God or by the law of reason.Another difference can be perceived in their views of education. Locke argues that the point of education is to allow one to get a line the laws of nature or of society, and therefore to exercise liberty under those laws Hume sees education as a major(ip) influence in allowing one to observe those things that bring pleasure and enjoyment.Humes philosophy of the pursuit of pleasure and enjoyment, as the major theme in Of Refinement in the Arts, bears some similarities to Lockes philosophy, but also some important differences. Both philosophies are individualistic but are derived from fundamentally different bases. Locke argues that individuals, by nature, have a right to life, liberty, and property, the protection of which is the purpose of government. Hume argues that individuals should pursue innocent luxury, not as a God-given right, but as something that is beneficial both to individuals and to society.